On december 20, 2005, seagate technology seagate, an exempted company incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the cayman islands, entered into an agreement and plan of merger the merger agreement with maxtor corporation maxtor, a delaware. Local risk factors are variables such as obesity, previous knee injury and occupational activities. In some cases, the implications could be so serious as to lead to the failure of the bank. The good news is that risks associated with nonprofit mergers can be greatly reduced when organisations. This weeklong engagement analyzes and measures the acquisitions environment and risk levels across four critical security domains. It is mostly diagnosed when preventive measures are no longer practicable due to reliance on the radiological diagnosis. Design a systematic literature search was carried out for cohort and casecontrol studies evaluating the association of demographic, comorbid, and other patientdetermined factors with onset of knee oa. But besides the breakdown of cartilage, osteoarthritis affects the entire joint. For example, risk factors for osteoarthritis the most common form of arthritis can include gender, being overweight, getting older, and having weak muscles. Apr 19, 2016 criteria for inclusion as a risk factor. The disease is also more common in females than in males and the risk for developing osteoarthritis increases markedly with age. Managing merger risk during the postselection phase by robert william heller april 8, 20 committee chair. Pdf merge combine pdf files free tool to merge pdf online. Osteoarthritis oa is usually caused by repetitive stress to the joint due to activities such as exercise or work.
In general, risk factors pertain to the company, the industry, or the investment or offering. Research has shown that people with weak quadriceps thigh muscles are at an increased risk of developing knee osteoarthritis. Oa pathogenesis and risk factors osteoarthritis action. They are arguably one of the biggest threats companies face, particularly during the post merger integration process. Damage to the cartilage can be the result of a previous injury, such as an dislocation or fracture. After identifying the research gap and formulating the problem statement, research was designed in order to study the applicability of a project management pm approach toward. Pdf merger, combine pdf files into one file online.
Incidence of knee oa is rising by increasing average age of general population. The faster the pace, the less time is available and the higher the risk for wmsd. Occupational risk factors for osteoarthritis of the knee. Soda pdf merge tool allows you to combine pdf files in seconds. Osteoarthritis has often been referred to as a wear and tear disease. Osteoarthritis, or oa, is a chronic disease that damages the cartilage and ligaments in your joints. Oct 10, 20 osteoarthritis oa, the most common form of arthritis, is a major contributor to functional impairment and reduced independence in older adults.
To describe occupational and genetic factors that may contribute to the risk of developing oa. Oa of the hip and knee are two of the most important causes of pain and physical disability in communitydwelling adults. This free online tool allows to combine multiple pdf or image files into a single pdf document. It causes changes in the bone and deterioration of the connective tissues that hold the joint together and attach muscle to bone. Some behaviors and characteristics, called risk factors, increase an adults likelihood of getting some types of arthritis or making it worse. Risk factors for incident osteoarthritis of the hip and knee.
Each form of arthritis has its own particular risk factors, some of which we cannot change i. Political risk factors in mergers and acquisitions daily ft. Nov 30, 2015 age is one of the strongest nonmodifiable factors for oa 1, 5, where this relationship is likely related to a combination of changes in the capacity for joint tissues to adapt to biomechanical stresses. Inability to assess the value of its employees leads to companies firing the wrong people. There are critical factors to consider when it comes to mergers and acquisitions. Extended merger processes, disproportionate to the size of the organisations involved, carry great risk and add significant burden to senior management and boards. Furthermore, population data on hip and spine oa are limited, making it difficult to determine the expected rates of oa at these sites for. Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis, or inflammation of the joints.
A literature search was conducted in pubmed using the. However, one of the most overlooked and underestimated risks is human risk. Here are the top 15 risk factors of mergers and acquisitions. Risk management pitfalls in mergers and acquisitions. Our pdf merger allows you to quickly combine multiple pdf files into one single pdf document, in just a few clicks. To evaluate a horizontal mergers competitive effects, both the antitrust agencies and the transacting parties often engage economists to apply a range of analytical tools to the available evidence. Osteoarthritis oa a common disease of aged population and one of the leading causes of disability. Other factors include kneeling and regular stair climbing, crawling, bending and whole. Seventeen percent of respondents say successful integration is a major impediment to getting full value from their mergers. Some of the most common risk factors for the development of arthritis include. Failure to do so can lead to legal actions by governing bodies.
Osteoarthritis, classification, prevalence and risk factors. Symptomatic hand oa is a common disease among the elderly, and impairs hand function, this. Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic medical condition of public health importance in this setting. We wanted to investigate the modifiable risk factors body mass index bmi and physical activity, using knee replacement kr as a marker for severely symptomatic disease, focusing on the interaction between these risk factors. Do you have multiple pdf files that need to be combined into one big document. Known as degenerative joint disease or agerelated arthritis, oa most. After controlling for other factors, mergers financed with stock tend to be correlated with risk reduction, suggesting that using stock as payment may reduce the need to issue debt postmerger.
One of the biggest challenges, and the one cited by respondents as the most overlooked risk factor, is successfully integrating companies postdeal. Reasons for these corporate actions include a strategic plan to eliminate competition by acquiring it, a desire to expand into another geographical area or product line or a need to sell or merge the company because of owner retirement or corporate financial. Item 503, regulation c, regulation sk, risk factor disclosures, risk factors, safe harbor, section 21e. This causes the bones of a joint rub against each other, producing abnormal bone growths, pain, inflammation, and stiffness. The three critical steps in mitigating merger risk are knowing the level of risk, keeping the integration process versatile, and staying focused on the real value. To determine the magnitude and risk factors associated with knee osteoarthritis among adult patients presenting at the university college. Biomedical risk factors are bodily states that carry relatively direct and specific risks. Read more to learn of the 4 greatest risk factors for leaders. Non nancial risk assessment in mergers, acquisitions and. There are may laws and regulations that companies need to comply with during mergers and acquisitions. The specific risk factors for arthritis will vary depending on what type of arthritis is in question.
Political risk factors in mergers and acquisitions wednesday, 4 september 20 00. Mitigating the risks associated with mergers by richard. Osteoarthritis of the hands and a family history of osteoarthritis. Company risks are those specific to the reporting company such as particular restrictive covenant documents, reliance or dependence on a concentrated source, or a history of losses. Risk factors for onset of osteoarthritis of the knee in older. Asking tough questions about possible exposures is key to the due diligence process.
Jun 15, 2017 the organization may lose many employees during a merger. Systemic risk factors include factors such as age, ethnicity, gender and genetic variables. Certain factors are known to increase the risk of oa. Culture and change management are among the most unpredictable factors of deal success. Up to a half of people aged 50 and over report having knee pain during the course of a year, and a quarter have severe and. Evidence for chronic disease risk factors, behavioural and.
Human risks pose an immediate threat to the viability of a merger. What are the risks associated with mergers and acquisitions. Table 1 highlights individual risk factors where there is strong evidence of a direct association to a chronic disease there are numerous risk factors where the evidence is suggestive of an effect on chronic disease but the evidence is not as strong. Osteoarthritis affects only 3% of peopleaged less than 45 but it affects 65% of people aged over 65. Theres no single best format or approach, but we typically see at least some aspects of most, if not all, of the following major categories of potential integration risk factors in. Issues for consideration in mergers and takeovers from a regulatory perspective.
Osteoarthritis affects only 3% of peopleaged less than 45 but it affects 65% of people aged. Regardless of how similar two companies may seem when they shake hands, its a complicated and challenging process to assure a meaningful union. Although primary and secondary oa are caused by different factors, the resulting pathology is the same. Among other things, various kinds of risks connected to the target company are evaluated. How to merge pdfs and combine pdf files adobe acrobat dc. For example, environmental factors, such as patterns of exercise, that may affect the risk of oa have been shown to cluster in families and are difficult to control for in epidemiological studies.
The knee is the site most affected by joint pain in older adults where it is usually attributed to oa in this agegroup1, 2. A literature search was conducted in pubmed using the search terms osteoarthritis, occupation, work. Its a chronic joint disease that breaks down cartilage in the. Symptomatic hand oa is a common disease among the elderly, and impairs hand function, this impairment being largely mediated by pain. If an integration fails, poor culture and change management are often to blame as a majority of deal makers struggle with this area. This paper describes the individual steps involved in this. Behavioural risk factors are risk factors that individuals have the most ability to modify, such as diet, tobacco smoking and drinking alcohol. It is common to separate nancial risk, the risk that a company does not have adequate cash ow to meet nancial obligations, from non nancial risk. When it comes to mergers and acquisitions, there are.
For many, this encompasses merging with, or acquiring, other companies. This is an often overlooked portion of a merger or acquisition, but unclaimed property noncompliance can cost your organization millions of dollars in fines and. But obesity, overuse or injury can also contribute to the disease. When those main sources are known, hopefully the identi cation process of risks in a speci c company is simpli ed. When two companies agree to combine into one company, they merge. The risk for developing osteoarthritis increases in particular in those individuals with several of these risk factors. Its a chronic joint disease that breaks down cartilage in the neck, lower back, knees, hips, shoulders, andor fingers. Osteoarthritis causes and risk factors osteoarthritis. You can control some risk factors, and others you cannot. The economic costs of oa are high, including those related to treatment, for individuals and their families who must adapt their lives to the disease, and those due to lost work productivity. Risk factors for osteoarthritis arthritis research. Conditions that affect blood flow or inflammation can also affect risk. For example, bleeding disorders can cause bleeding in the joints. They are arguably one of the biggest threats companies face, particularly during the postmerger integration process.
A risk factor disclosure involves a discussion of circumstances, trends, or issues that may affect a companys business, prospects, operating. Even though different studies actually refer to several ordinary risk factors for oa, like genetic and epigenetic predisposition, age, sex, injury and mechanical stress, there is a. International journal of engineering business management, vol. Age, weight, trauma to joint due to repetiting movements in particular squatting and kneeling are common risk factors of knee oa. Risk factor disclosures for reporting public companies posted by securities attorney laura anthony march 11, 2015 tags. When the worker has no control over timing and speed of work because of external factors like assembly line speed or quota systems then stress level increases. Gender the condition is more common in women and joint injury and trauma e. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. When risk factors for msp were analysed independently, with adjustment only for gender and age, significantly elevated risks of low back pain were found for somatising tendency, emotional exhaustion, belief that musculoskeletal problems are commonly caused by work, low job support and low job security, while risk was significantly reduced in current smokers. Managing merger risk during the postselection phase. Reasons for these corporate actions include a strategic plan to eliminate competition by acquiring it, a desire to expand into another geographical area or product line or a need to sell or merge the.
On december 20, 2005, seagate technology seagate, an exempted company incorporated with limited. Heavy physical work load was the most common occupational risk factor for oa in several anatomical locations. Due diligence procedures and pre and postmerger integration planning is essential. However, you can reduce the risk of developing oa from damage caused by lifestyle factors such as.
Obesity is a strong modifiable risk factor for the development of knee oa 1, 9, but less so for hip oa. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis in the united states, affecting roughly 12 percent of americans aged 25 74. Workrelated musculoskeletal disorders wmsds risk factors. Obesity and osteoarthritis in knee, hip andor hand. Osteoarthritis oa is the most common articular disease of the developed world and a leading cause of chronic disability, mostly as a consequence of knee oa andor hip oa. Magnitude of knee osteoarthritis and associated risk. Knee osteoarthritis prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis.
Some medical conditions associated with oa include. This is to be done by analyzing and mapping what the main sources of risk in businesses in the ictindustry are. The relationship between selected chronic diseases and their known behavioural and biomedical risk factors is shown in table 1. Osteoarthritis causes and risk factors osteoarthritis oa is usually caused by repetitive stress to the joint due to activities such as exercise or work. Known as degenerative joint disease or agerelated arthritis, oa most often develops slowly over time as people age. Select or drag your files, then click the merge button to download your document into one pdf file. After the analysis, our consultants deliver a report outlining their findings and recommendations. C ompanies are constantly seeking opportunities to grow and expand their business, increase competitive edge and drive market value. Arthritis home causes of osteoarthritis other risk factors for osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis oa, the most common form of arthritis, is a major contributor to functional impairment and reduced independence in older adults. Osteoarthritis results from deterioration of cartilage within the joint. Due diligence procedures and pre and post merger integration planning is essential. The moment a seller has hisher first first discussion with a potential buyer, and until the sale is finally complete, there are a number of risks that can damage the business and implode the deal.
Here is how you can manage the process of combining pdfs. Easily combine multiple files into one pdf document. The older you get, the more likely you are to develop oa. Symptomatic hand oa is a common disease among the elderly, and impairs hand function, this impairment being largely mediated by. Individual and workrelated risk factors for musculoskeletal. The major risk factor is age, and approximately 70 percent of people over the age of 65 show some degree of osteoarthritis upon xray. Jan 27, 2014 extended merger processes, disproportionate to the size of the organisations involved, carry great risk and add significant burden to senior management and boards. Symptomatic selfreported knee pain and radiographic osteoarthritis oa of the knee are common in the older age groups. Learn who is at risk for osteoarthritis to lower your chances of getting this disease. You have told your patient that heshe has osteoarthritis. The three critical steps in mitigating merger risk are knowing the level of risk, keeping the integration process versatile, and staying focused on. With higher stress level comes muscle tension causing fatigue and again increased risk for wmsd. Knowing your risk factors may help explain how you might have gotten the disease. Age, heredity, injury and infection are the most common causes of oa.
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